Esthetic crowns or dental crowns are tooth shaped thin shells placed over a tooth. The anatomy of a tooth can be divided into two main parts: the root and crown. The roots of an individual with healthy gums and bones are covered with gingiva and bones. The crown is the part of the tooth that is visible in the mouth, above the gum line on the lower teeth and below the gum line on the upper teeth. The restoration which covers the outer layer of the tooth is called the crown
They are preferred in order to gain satisfactory esthetic results. The fact that it reflects light organically as natural tooth and that it doesn’t cause color transformation nor gingival recession are some of its advantages. At the same time it provides faultless coordination with the prepared tooth and inhibits caries like problems. As an application technique, zirconium dental crowns produced with computer-aided CAD CAM systems are successfully used both in crowns on a single tooth and in dental bridges formed when one or more teeth are missing. As their material color is the same as natural tooth, the opaque layer used in metal crowns aren’t obligatory. Therefore they can be applied by utilizing less preparation. The problematic of hot and cold sensation is minimized due to this fact along with the thermal conductivity coefficient being less compared to metal. Zirconium dental crowns are applied to the surface of the teeth with a stabilizing cement after the fitting procedure. Zirconium based ceramic crowns which are also applied on top of implant applications, are the most preferred dental bridges and coatings today due to their biological compatibility.
In this method which has been used since many years, a mould is taken after tooth preparation. Wax is prepared in the laboratory for the metal substructure and using induction or CAD CAM technique, a metal base is prepared in coordination with the tooth underneath. Following the fitting in the mouth, the dental technician gives the tooth form by applying the ceramic in the consistency of paste mortar with special brushes, which is obtained with a mixture of ceramic powder and liquid. The closure is adjusted using opposite teeth and the tongue, after the completion of the esthetic form the dentist finalizes the necessary controls. Readjustments are made and after varnishing, the crown is ready to be fixated in the mouth. This method has its disadvantage in terms of sense due to its metal content, on the other hand its cost efficiency and endurability make it attractive. During production problems may arise because of its compatibility and the prepared tooth underneath may lead to caries over time. In order to overcome this problematic, induction casting method has been developed, metal substructures prepared with laser injection have come into use. No matter how well prepared, metal-containing dental crowns are not preferred by dentists because of the color changes that occur at the gingival margin and the need to make more preparation on the tooth in order to tolerate the thickness of the tools and material.
They are thin, custom-made shells that cover the front part of your tooth. They are also known as leaflet tooth, resemble artificial nails and are very sensitive. Application difficulties and material amounts make them more expensive than zirconium crowns. With laminate veneer application, the color and shape of the teeth reach their desired esthetic form. No preparation is made on the inner parts of the teeth. Front and side surfaces are prepared with minimal trimming. With the aid of the porcelain laminate applied to teeth surfaces, deformities, color changes, fractural areas and spaces between teeth are fully corrected.
Metal based porcelain tooth crowns are insufficient to emulate the natural tooth, especially when a front single tooth crown is required. Different images are obtained under changing brightness sources. No matter how experienced, talented or conscious the dental technician is, the desired oucome can’t be obtained with metal based porcelain crowns of the single front teeth. Due to this necessity, full ceramic empress crowns have been developed by strengthening the porcelain and using it without metal inside. Even if a very elaborate and ideal preparation is made, the patient has to use full ceramic empress crowns very tentatively. This application which can be fractured under heavy pressure is preferred in case of natural dental sensitivity.
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